Biomechanics of Joints

Description

The biomechanics of joints studies how joints enable movement, stability, and load transmission in the body. Joints are classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial, with synovial joints allowing the most motion. Movement occurs in various planes—flexion, extension, rotation, abduction, etc.—depending on joint type (e.g., hinge, ball-and-socket). Key factors include joint congruency, ligament integrity, muscle action, and joint surface properties. Biomechanics assesses forces, torques, and range of motion, helping understand injury mechanisms and design of prosthetics and rehabilitation strategies.