Organophosphorus Toxicity

Description

Organophosphorus (OP) Toxicity results from exposure to organophosphate compounds, commonly used as pesticides. They inhibit acetylcholinesterase, causing accumulation of acetylcholine at synapses, leading to cholinergic overstimulation. Symptoms include salivation, lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, gastrointestinal cramps, emesis (SLUDGE), muscle twitching, miosis, and respiratory distress. Severe poisoning can cause seizures, coma, and death. Diagnosis is clinical and supported by reduced serum cholinesterase levels. Treatment includes atropine (muscarinic antagonist), pralidoxime (enzyme reactivator), and supportive care. Rapid intervention is critical for survival.