Congenital Heart Disease in Adults (Cardiovascular System)

Description

Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) in adults refers to structural heart defects present from birth that persist or are diagnosed later in life. Common lesions include atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and repaired complex defects like Tetralogy of Fallot. Adults may present with arrhythmias, heart failure, cyanosis, or exercise intolerance. Diagnosis involves echocardiography, MRI, or cardiac catheterization. Management includes medical therapy, surveillance, or surgical/interventional correction. Lifelong follow-up in specialized adult congenital heart disease clinics is essential.